Case Studies in terms of Noun and Pronoun

To tell the position of noun and pronoun in a sentence we use case. There is three parts of case: Subjective Case, Possessive Case and Objective Case.

Subjective case: when noun or pronoun used as subject then it is known as subjective case.

For example – Ram loves Sita.

Possessive Case – in any sentence if we find any relations and rights between person and objects to show their relations then we use possessive case.

For example – Ram’s brother.

Objective case – whenever noun or pronoun works as object, known as objective case. Eg. – Ram loved Sita.

There are three situation of pronoun: I – My – Me.

Noun can be used as subject or object in both:

Ram(s) help Hanuman (o)
Or
Hanuman (s) helped Ram (o)

There are two rules to make possessive case of noun:

If noun is living thing then we use apostrophe “s” after the name – Lalu’s wife etc.

If the noun is non-living thing then 1st we use the then after that name with “of” to show their relationship – The pocket of the blade.

Note-1: if non-living things are very large then we use apostrophe “s” to show their relationship – Sun Ray’s, Ocean’s roar etc.

Note-2: in some proverb we use apostrophe “s” in spite of they are non-living things:

Wit’s end
Pen’s Evil
At One’s wit’s end
At arm’s length
Stone’s throw distance
Bind’s eye view
Cat’s paw
Mercy’s sake
Mind’s eye
Moment’s rest

Note-3: If non-living things show as artificially – Jungal’s low, Court’s degree etc.

Note-4: If non-living things show as measurement of a thing: A month’s fee etc.

Sometimes even in living things we use “of” rather than apostrophe “s” if the situation shows relationship rather than rights: The Picture of Amitabh etc.

Whenever the situation comes to use apostrophe “s” two times then we use “of” once: The government of Lalu’s wife.

In relative pronoun to show the nearest relation we use “of”: I like the book of Prem Chand who was a great writer.

There are some pronouns in which we add apostrophe “s” to make their possessive case: some body, any body, every body, someone, anyone, everyone, no one, something, anything etc.

For example – Every body’s duty is nobody’s duty.

But if “else” come with above mentioned words then apostrophe “s” will come with “else” rather than those words: You depend on somebody else’s.

In condition of two person’s rights we use apostrophe “s” in last words: Lalu and Rabri’s policy.

But if we have to show their separate rights then we will use apostrophe “s” in both: Ram’s and Laksaman’s wives.

In the condition of plural noun and name where “s” already present then we use apostrophe “s” in that “s” which already there:

Keats – Keat’s poem.
Girls – Girl’s hostel.

These are the study of case in the process of English Language Learning. If you have also some great tips or suggestion about case then share that.